Sturman’s Hydraulic Valve Actuation (HVA), or “camless” technology, was used to help achieve nitrogen oxide (NOx) levels of 0.005g/kWh, well below the target of 0.27g/kWh. Eddie Sturman, co-founder of Sturman Industries, pioneered the digital latching valve technology for the Apollo space program in the 60s. It enabled smaller, lighter, more precise control of motion and flow. Now Sturman Industries has integrated that core technology into an entire platform of components, systems and modules for the automotive industry and beyond. Sturman is now working with more than 28 organisations from industry, academia, to research and government on some portion of the Digital Technology Platform applied to engines. While the vast majority of Sturman’s projects are confidential, several projects are public since they are co-funded by agencies such as the Department of Energy.